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Aplastic Anaemia
- Days In Hospital 10 days
- Outside Hospital Stay 30 days
- Success Rate 66%
Minimum Cost
$ 18000
Maximum Cost.
$ 30000
Most Asked Procedures
Overview of Aplastic Anaemia in India
A condition known as anaemia occurs when the body's blood cell count falls extremely low. When the bone marrow is unable to produce enough blood cells for the body's needs, aplastic anaemia results. One of the rarer conditions is aplastic anaemia, which can be fatal if not treated promptly and appropriately.
When symptoms are less noticeable, aplastic anaemia might develop slowly; when symptoms are more evident, it can manifest in its severe form. In a healthy organism, bone marrow stem cells differentiate into several blood cell types. Nevertheless, a condition known as aplastic anaemia develops when these stem cells are damaged by illness or trauma, resulting in the production of very few blood cells from the stem cells.
The body's natural defence mechanism can occasionally harm the healthy stem cells in the bone marrow. Certain drugs and treatment methods can also harm stem cells as a side effect. If left untreated, aplastic anaemia can raise the risk of bleeding or other serious illnesses. For instance, aplastic anaemia can result in heart problems or even heart failure if left untreated. Patients with aplastic anaemia may have a significant decline in their quality of life.
Treatment for aplastic anaemia in India costs between $18,000 and $24,000 for Indian patients. For overseas patients, the price ranges from $27,000 to $33,000. Depending on each patient's unique difficulties and the reason for their aplastic anaemia, the cost may change.
What Is Aplastic Anaemia?
Insufficient production of red and white blood cells, as well as platelets, by the bone marrow results in aplastic anaemia. Haemoglobin decreases when red blood cells are reduced.
The component of blood that transports oxygen throughout your body is called haemoglobin. You are more susceptible to infection if you have fewer white blood cells. It is harder for the blood to clot when there are fewer platelets. You can bleed more readily as a result.
How Common Is This Condition?
In the US, between 300 and 900 people are diagnosed with aplastic anaemia annually. According to studies, two out of every million persons in Europe suffer from aplastic anaemia. Although aplastic anaemia can strike anyone, it usually strikes those between the ages of 15 and 25 and those 60 and older.
Types of Aplastic Anaemia:
Three primary kinds of aplastic anaemia are distinguished:
Acquired aplastic anaemia
The most prevalent kind, this one emerges after birth. Things like radiation exposure, chemotherapy, poisoning, some drugs, or viral infections can bring it on.
Inherited aplastic anaemia
This form of aplastic anaemia, which is caused by genetic alterations, is also known as congenital aplastic anaemia. Fanconi anaemia is the most prevalent type.
Idiopathic aplastic anaemia
The cause of this kind is unknown. When no particular underlying cause can be found, it is diagnosed.
Procedure:
Blood Transfusions
A blood transfusion is necessary to treat aplastic anaemia when blood cell counts drop to extremely low levels. To remedy the shortfall and enhance the patient's overall health, transfusions containing all types of blood cells are administered to the patient.
Immunosuppressive Therapy
Immunosuppressive therapy is the use of drugs that prevent the body's defensive mechanisms from causing damage to stem cells. To aid in the bone marrow's recovery and increase blood cell production, these drugs inhibit the action of immune system cells. For patients with severe forms of aplastic anaemia, this therapy is frequently employed.
Bone Marrow Transplantation
A bone marrow transplant, which replaces or transplants damaged bone marrow with healthy bone marrow from a close relative to reduce the risk of transplant rejection, may be considered in certain severe cases of aplastic anaemia. Aplastic anaemia can be fully cured with a bone marrow transplant, although there are certain drawbacks and restrictions.
Antibiotics and Antiviral Drugs
People who suffer from aplastic anaemia are more vulnerable to infections, as the condition impairs their immune system. Therefore, if any infection-related symptoms, such as fever or pus discharge, appear, it is imperative to consult with the treating physician. When an immunocompromised person contracts an infection, it can be fatal. As a result, infections must be treated first.
Experimental Therapies
Experimental therapy may be considered in certain situations when conventional treatments prove ineffective. These could include brand-new drugs or ones that aid in promoting the development of new blood cells. Since experimental therapies are still in their infancy, they cannot heal the illness.
Supportive Care
To manage their symptoms and complications, patients with aplastic anaemia frequently need supportive care. This includes drugs that prevent infections, stimulate the production of new blood cells, and reduce bruising or bleeding. Addressing their symptoms can help patients live better lives.
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Cost of Aplastic Anaemia in India
Treatment for aplastic anaemia in India costs between $18,000 and $24,000 for Indian patients. For overseas patients, the price ranges from $27,000 to $33,000. Depending on each patient's unique difficulties and the reason for their aplastic anaemia, the cost may change.
Some factors that may influence the cost of treating aplastic anaemia in India are as follows:
The cost of medication.
Length of the therapy.
Geographical position.
Costs associated with hospitalisation.
Government subsidies and policies.
Packages for medical tourism.
Hospital infrastructure and repute.
The knowledge and experience of health care providers.
The kind and regularity of diagnostic tests.
The method of therapy was selected.
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Indications of Aplastic Anaemia:
Clinical signs of aplastic anaemia are nonexistent. But if they show up at all, they consist of the following:
- Weariness
- Breathlessness
- Prolonged or frequent infections
- Easy or inexplicable bruises
- A fever
- An erratic or fast heart rate
- Extended bleeding from wounds
- Skin irritation, Pale skin
- Gum bleeding and nosebleeds
- Lightheadedness
- A headache
It is unpredictable how common aplastic anaemia is. It could be brief or develop into something severe, chronic, and even deadly.
Aplastic Anaemia Causes
Different types of blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, are produced by stem cells. In contrast, aplastic anaemia causes these blood cells to become either hypoplastic (having few blood cells) or aplastic (empty). The occurrence of aplastic anaemia has been linked to autoimmune conditions. This indicates that the immune system is attacking the bone marrow's stem cells. The following are some additional variables related to the onset of aplastic anaemia:
- Radiation and Chemotherapy Treatments: Treatments such as radiation and chemotherapy are frequently used to target and destroy cancer cells. Aplastic anaemia, however, could result from their harm to the bone marrow's healthy stem cells. Aplastic anaemia can occasionally be a transient adverse effect of cancer treatments.
- Exposure to toxic chemicals: Aplastic anaemia has also been connected to poisonous compounds found in insecticides and pesticides, as well as benzene, an ingredient in petrol. The condition may improve if certain chemicals are avoided.
- Drug Use: Aplastic anaemia can also result from the use of some drugs, such as those used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and some antibiotics.
- Autoimmune Disorders: In an autoimmune disorder, the body's healthy cells are attacked by the immune system. Aplastic anaemia can also develop and affect bone marrow stem cells.
- Viral Infection: The development of aplastic anaemia is also influenced by viral infections. Aplastic anaemia is associated with HIV, CMV, parvovirus B19, hepatitis, and Epstein-Barr virus.
- Pregnancy: Aplastic anaemia may result from the immune system attacking the bone marrow during pregnancy. This happens as a result of the significant changes the body undergoes throughout pregnancy.
- Unknown Factors: The precise aetiology of aplastic anaemia is frequently unknown. Idiopathic aplastic anaemia is the name given to this illness.
Diagnosis of Aplastic Anaemia Treatment India
Medical History and Physical Examination
The healthcare professional takes the patient's medical history, also looking for potential risk factors. To link the symptoms to the diagnosis, the doctor also conducted several physical examinations.
Blood Tests
The purpose of the blood tests is to look for blood cells in the body. They are:
- Complete Blood Count (CBC): A blood test called a complete blood count (CBC) is used to determine the number of different types of cells present in the blood. Aplastic anaemia causes a reduction in all blood cells.
- Reticulocyte Count: The reticulocyte count test quantifies the type of blood cell that gives rise to red blood cells. A low reticulocyte count may indicate aplastic anaemia.
- Peripheral Blood Smear: This test helps identify the kind and origin of the disease by analysing the size and form of blood cells.
- Bone Marrow Aspiration: Using a fine needle, a tiny sample of bone marrow is extracted from the breastbone or hip bone for this test. The quantity and appearance of blood-forming cells in this sample are evaluated under a microscope.
- Cytogenetic testing: This procedure looks for any gene abnormalities that may be associated with aplastic anaemia.
Risk Factors:
Complications are frequently linked to aplastic anaemia. Among them are:
- A compromised immune system leading to recurrent infections
- Uncontrolled bleeding
- Untreated aplastic anaemia-related arrhythmia
- Heart enlargement
- Heart failure
- Disease progression leading to acute leukaemia or myelodysplastic syndrome
Risk factors for Aplastic Anaemia
Aplastic anaemia has several risk factors, some of which are as follows:
Exposure to Toxins
Extended exposure to some dangerous substances can raise the chance of developing aplastic anaemia. Aplastic anaemia is more likely to develop in people who work in environments where they are exposed to harmful chemicals.
Radiation Exposure
Radiation exposure at high levels can raise the risk of aplastic anaemia. Individuals who have already undergone radiation therapy for the treatment of cancer, for instance, are more vulnerable.
Chemotherapy
Aplastic anaemia is a disorder that can result from some drugs used in chemotherapy that harm the bone marrow.
Medications
An elevated risk of aplastic anaemia has been linked to specific drugs. For instance, the health of bone marrow may be impacted by medications used to treat infections.
Viral Infections
Viral infections are also linked to a higher risk of developing aplastic anaemia.
Autoimmune Disorders
A condition known as an autoimmune disorder occurs when the body's natural defences target its own cells. This disorder raises the risk of aplastic anaemia and can harm the bone marrow.
Genetic Predisposition
Genetic factors can sometimes cause diseases to run in families. A positive family history might also result in aplastic anaemia.
Pregnancy
Pregnancy can cause aplastic anaemia. But the risk is uncommon.
Age
Although it can affect people of practically any age, aplastic anaemia is more common in young adults and the elderly.
Gender
Men are more likely than women to have aplastic anaemia. Males have a higher chance than females of having aplastic anaemia.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ’s)
There live the blind texts separated they right at the coast of the Semantics.
When the bone marrow is unable to generate enough new red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, it results in aplastic anaemia, a serious blood condition. Easy bleeding, fatigue, and an increased risk of infection may occur. The rare ailment may manifest abruptly or gradually.
Aplastic anaemia isn't a form of cancer, sorry. The bone marrow is unable to generate enough blood cells with this blood condition. Although it isn't cancer per se, it can raise the chance of getting some cancers, such as leukaemia. Treatment for aplastic anaemia, a kind of bone marrow failure, may require treatments akin to those for lymphoma and leukaemia.
A bone marrow transplant, sometimes referred to as a stem cell transplant, is the most effective treatment for aplastic anaemia, especially in severe instances. This entails using healthy stem cells from a donor to replace the damaged bone marrow. Blood transfusions, immunosuppressive therapy, and supportive care are further treatments.
Low haemoglobin levels occur in aplastic anaemia, a condition in which the bone marrow ceases to produce enough red blood cells. Addressing the underlying cause of the anaemia and possibly taking iron or other vitamin supplements are necessary to raise haemoglobin levels. Blood transfusions, immune-suppressive drugs (if applicable), or, in extreme situations, stem cell transplants are frequently the main treatments for aplastic anaemia.